Whether those effects run through GHIGF-1 signaling, direct GHSR-1a activation in cardiomyocytes, or some combination remains an active question
However, animal studies have shown that transfer can occur, and the long-term effects of exposure through breast milk are still unknown
In a 23-week randomized clinical trial in humans, individuals taking AOD-9604 at 1 mg daily had an average of 2.8 kg weight reduction compared to a 0.8 kg weight reduction in those taking a placebo
doi: 10.3390/genes13091504 23 WangD.XieN.GaoW.KangR.TangD
Consequently, dual GLP-1/glucagon agonists survodutide, and triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonists retatrutide are not spared gastrointestinal adverse events, as glucagon related pro-emetic signaling may offset any potential tolerability benefits from GIP agonism ( The contribution of amylin-based therapies to gastrointestinal adverse events remains less clear